Oil burner



June 7, 1938. E. o. ENGELs 2,119;952

OIL BURNER Filed July 18, 1935 sadl'olz INVEN'ILOR EUGENE 0321412ENEEL'J ATTORN EY zle.

Patented June 7, 1938 UNITED .STATES PATENT o Flcs Eugene Oscar Eng:Mich, assignor to Baker Perkins Company, Inc., a corporation of New YorkSaginaw, Mich,-

Applicaflon July 18, 1935, Serial No.. 31,967

1 Claim.

and inexpensive to construct, and accessible for quick and easyinspection, cleaning or repairs.

The invention by which I have attained these objects'consists primarilyof an oil burner hay-' ing a-fuel nozzle to which oil is supplied underpressure and into which the combustion air is drawn by suction in thefurnace or combustion chamber. More specifically, it consists of: the

following structure:

A cylindrical burner shell, at its inner end, is

hinged or otherwise removably attached to the outer furnace wall over aport opening into the fire-box or combustion chamber. At the outer endof the burner shell is an air inlet through which air is drawn byinduced draft or suction.

in the combustion chamber, and which is provided with a damper orshutter for regulating the The outer end of the shell is provided with aremovable cover or shield plate which carries a burner assembly,comprising a fuel pipe fixed to the cover plate and extending axiallythrough the burner shell,

a fuel nozzle at the inner end of the pipe, and behind the fuel nozzleone ormore heiically directed radial vanes fixed to the pipe, andadapted to impart to the air drawn through the shell 9. helicallyswirling motion as it passes over the burner nozzle.

Also fixed to the fuel pipe are the ignition electrodes or otherignition means which project within the range of the fuel noz- Theignition electrodes and the fuel nozzle are connected outside of theshell by flexible connections'to the sources of current and oil, so thatthe entire burner assembly is removable as a unit y fromthe-burner shellfor cleaning or easy replacement of the parts.

for easy inspection or cleaning of the fuel nozzle and ignitionelectrodes.

By removing the cover plate fromv the end of the burner shell the entireburner assembly can he slipped from the shell and-made furtheraccessible for easy replacement or repair of any of its elements.

The improved operation of my burner over the oil burners heretoforeavailablatogether with further "structural 1 featin'es will bethe-following specification.

set forth in.

In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification, Fig. 1shows a top plan view partly in section of an oil burner, according totheinvention, installed on an outer wall or door of a furnace combustionchamber. I Fig. 2 is a side elevation. partly broken away, of the burnershell shown in- Fig. 1, showingthe cover plate and attached burnerassembly partially withdrawn from the burner shell.

Referring to Fig. 1, a furnace or fire-box i is provided with a port 2in its outer wall. Fixed to the outer wall and projecting through theport is a cone 3 of known form for directing the incoming airconvergently into vthe fuel sprayed from the fuel nozzle. Hinged to theouter furnace wall at 4 is a cylindrical burner shell! normally held inplace over the port by a spring latch 6. Shell 5 of the burner isprovided at its outer end with an air inlet 1. Slidably fitted withintheouter end of the burner shell 5 is a sleeve 8 which is secured inadjusted position by wing nuts 8. A circular baflie plate or shield I0is secured to theouter, air-inlet end of burner shell 5 by studs H (seeFig. 2) and its inner peripheral face is curved or dished at I! topresent a section of a torus to provide a flxed clearance from the endof shell 5 for the free passage of air into the shell.

A fuel pipe i3 passes through a central bore in shield plate I0 and issecured thereto by a nut 14. At the inner end of the fuel pipe is a fuelnozzle I! of known kind, located at or beyond the inner end of theburner shell 5 to project into the cone 3 within port 2 of the furnacewall. A helical air deflector it having a plurality of radially directedvanes is mounted on the fuel pipe l3 behind the nozzle 15. Deflector I 6imparts a swirling motion to air passing through the burner tube andserves also to space the fuel pipe i3 from the walls of the burner shell5.

' Ignition electrodes l1 and I8 of known kind are fastened tothe pipe l8by a clamp l9; Thus the tube l3 carriesthe spray nozzle ii, the air de'---flector l6, and the ignition electrodes I1 and I l and theirassociated wires 24 and 25, which as-. sembly is removable from theburner shell] as a unit with'the cover plate lli..- Cylindrical bush- 5and connected to the electrodes l1 and II by the cables 24 and 25.

The burner described is particularly adapted to the heating of bakeovens in which the combustion chamber is maintained at a-sub-atmosphericpressure, as described in my United States Patent No. 1,857,447, issuedMay 10, 1932. The combustion air is drawn at high velocity through theintake I at the .outer end of the burner shell 5, is given a rapidlyswirling helical rotation'by deflector i8, and at the fuel nozzle llimpinges upon and mixes with the fuel oil sprayed from the nozzle.

My improved burner has the foliowingimportant advantages in operation:After shutter O has once been adjusted to the degree of suctionprevailing in a given furnace, so that the proper minimum of excess airis fed to the flame when the combustion chamber is hot. with noadJustments of any kind theproper amount of excess air is automaticallyprovided whenever the burner is started with the furnace cold, to insureprompt ignition and clean initial combustion. This is due to the factthat when the suction fan, injector or other draft inducing means (notshown) is started, it handles cold dense air and consequently produces ahigher degree of suction in the furnace and through the burner shell.After the burner has ignited and the combustion chamber has been heatedto a point where excess air is no longer desirable, the density of theflue gas handled by the suction fan diminishes, and accordingly thesuction and the vol- From the standpoint of easy maintenance and re theimproved burner assembly oflers no-'- J e-advantales. As indicated inbroken lines in gig. I. the burner shell and the burner assembly.contained therein can be swung as a unit about the hinge 4 away from theport 2 in the furnace wall. so that the fuel nozzle II and the ignitionelectrodes l1 and II are instantly accessible for inspection andcleaning. Should repair or replacement of any of the parts be necessary.the burner assembly may quickly be removed as a unit from the burnershell 5. Nuts (notshowh) on the studs II are removed, and the coverplate It is drawn away from the burner shell, carrying with it theburner tube IS, the attached air deflector l6, and electrodes i1 and II,as indicated in Fig. 2. Thus all of the opera- .tive elements of theburner are made accessible mediate its ends, said'deflector comprising aplurality of helicaily-directed radial vanes and means for holding saidelectrodes, whereby said deflector maintains the electrodes and nozzlein operative relation to each other and supports the fuel pipe andnozzle centrally in the tubular shell.

EUGENE OSCAR ENGELS.

